![]() ![]() The following steps show how to export the User certificate and key into the correct format for importing to a web browser. Java based applications will be able to use the KeyStore file generated by the KeyStore Explore tool using the Java propertiesĪccessing MarkLogic using a web browser requires the Certificate and Private Key to be imported into the web browser using the PKCS#12 format. There are a number of different application methods that may use certificate based authentication with MarkLogic, such as web browser access, MLCP, DHF and XCC applications. ![]() You should now see both a root certificate ( rootca) and a user certificate ( user1)Įxporting the User certificate for Certificate Based Authentication Specify a password for protecting the Private Key and click OK to generate the keypairĬlick OK to dismiss the confirmation prompt Much like the Root CA, the Name needs to be completed for a basic user certificate.įill in the Common Name, Organization Unit and Organization Name fields and click OK In Keystore Explorer, right click on the Root CA Certificate that you will be using for signing the user certificate and select Sign > Sign New Key PairĪs with the root certificate, the user certificate should use the same RSA AlgorithmĪs with the Root Certificate most attributes are pre-populated and can be left with the configured settings. To use Certificate based authentication within MarkLogic you will need to generate and sign certificates using a Root CA certificate such as the one generated by following the steps above. Using the Root Certificate Authority to Sign End-User Certificates You can check the Certificate Authorities details in the MarkLogic Admin UI on port 8001 ( Configure > Security > Certificate Authorities) to ensure the Root CA certificate was added the certificate will be listed under the Organization Name that was specified when you created the certificate You should see an xs:unsignedLong is returned by the call to pki:insert-trusted-certificates if the certificate has been inserted successfully. Specify the filename for the exported file in the example we are using /tmp/rootca.cer (this filename and path will be used later in this article to insert the trusted certificate into MarkLogic Server).Ĭlick Export to save the Root CA certificate to a fileĪnd click OK to dismiss the confirmation promptįrom the Query Console run the following xquery code against the Security Database: Select X.509 as the Export Format and check the PEM checkbox, if you have only a single Root CA certificate select Head Only otherwise select Entire Chain Right click on the Root CA entry in the KeyStore and select Export -> Export Certificate Chain Importing the Root Certificate Authority into MarkLogicīefore you can import the Root Certificate into MarkLogic you will first need to export it from the KeyStore Explorer tool in the correct format. ![]() Verify that both the Key Usage and the Basic Constraints Certificate Extensions are now listed and click OKĬlick OK to complete the Root CA certificate generationĮnter a password to protect the private keyĪt this point the Root CA Certificate has been created With these selected, click OKĬlick the Green + button again and this time, select the Basic Constraints ExtensionĬheck the Subject is a CA box and click OK Select the Certificate Signing and CRL Sign attributes. You will see these are now listed under the Name field for the certificate.įor a Certificate Authority the Basic Constraints and Key Usage extensions are required. Select RSA as the Algorithm and select a Key Size ( typically 2048)Īfter clicking on OK, most of the certificate details will already be pre-populated but you can change the Signature Algorithm, Validity and Serial Number as required.Ĭomplete the Certificate Subject details as necessary (in the example above, we're providing a Common Name, an Organization Unit and an Organization Name), then click OK to save these details. Right-click within the KeyStore workspace to open the context menu and select the Generate Key Pair option from the menu The first step is to create a valid Root Certificate Authority that will be used to sign all end-user or intermediate CA certificates Start KeyStore Explorer and select Create a new KeyStore or if you have already had a keystore you can use Open an existing KeyStore KeyStore Explorer can be downloaded from Getting Started This Knowledgebase article demonstrates how you can use the KeyStore Explorer tools to generate a CA Root Certificate and end-user certificates for use with MarkLogic Server (for Application Servers which are SSL enabled) and for SSL based client authentication within your applications. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Boats designed for skiing only are designed to minimize wake. These specialty inboard boats have the prop under the boat and are carefully designed for action off the stern. Virtually all of these boats are inboard powered. A handful of manufacturers have specialized in ski and wake boats for decades. Malibu is one of a half dozen major specialized inboard-powered ski/wake boat brands. Note the four speakers facing aft to energize the wakeboarder and his riding fans. This Four Winns sterndrive sportboat is rigged up for serious wakeboarding. Generally, these boats have low freeboard and low bows that can scoop water easily.īecause specialized wakeboarding and wake surfing boats are now measuring up to 24’ and built with more freeboard, they are better suited than strictly ski boats to all-around use as well as their intended mission.Īs with any sport, the more experienced the individual becomes, the more specialized they usually want the boat to be. They are also designed to operate in flat, protected water, such as that found on small lakes where most competition skiing events take place. Ski boats are generally small and their focus is behind the boat where all of the action is - and not in front of it. Specialized ski boats do not "cross over" well into other recreational activities. This type of watercraft can be used for all sorts of things including cruising, swimming, fishing and just hanging out. These boats are fine for most casual boaters or beginners. Most people started skiing behind general-purpose sportboats or runabouts, either powered by a sterndrive or outboard engine. With the growth in popularity of extreme tow sports, wake surfing has become a popular tow-behind watersport. But before drilling down to those details, the type of boat must be selected first. Then, there is the matter of warranty and aftermarket customer service. By first identifying the primary goal for a new boat and then by finding out what the builder's intention was when the craft was designed, watersports towboat buyers can zero-in on a shortlist of models that will meet their needs.Īdding a price-point consideration creates yet another dimension to the search for the best boat for any given need and budget. Most watersports boats are built primarily for one or two specific activities. Like virtually all things in boating, if the "mission" of the boat is narrowly defined, the decision about which boat to pick becomes much easier. Throw in the fact that there are four distinctly different types of propulsion in this category - sterndrive, outboard, jet drive, and inboard powered - and the fact that different watersports are best done with certain boat configurations, and we begin to see the magnitude of this decision. With hundreds of sportboat and runabout models on the market from scores of builders, making a decision as to which watersports towboat to buy can be difficult. ![]() ![]() Ability to respond to player injuries by using first aid techniques.ġ1. Ability to display competency in coaching philosophy, knowledge of PIAA rules and regulations, and NCAA Student-Athletic Eligibility requirements.ġ0. Participate in a successful recruitment program.ĩ. Ability to promote athletes to college recruiters.Ĩ. Ability to accurately assess the talents and abilities of team members.ħ. Ability to supervise and conduct safe practices and contests.Ħ. Conducts a pre-season and post season soccer conditioning program.ĥ. ![]() Demonstrates through experience, a commitment to devote long hours and weekends to the soccer program.Ĥ. Ability to teach sportsmanship, cooperation and responsibility to team members.ģ. Ability to teach soccer techniques, soccer rules, soccer strategies and playing tactics.Ģ. ![]() Involvement in professional development activities designed to improve his or her skills coaching soccer strategies, soccer tactics or soccer techniques preferred.Ĭoaches currently employed or engaged by a PIAA Member School must complete two courses:įist time coaches hired at any PIAA school after July 1,2018 will have two years from their date of hire to complete the requirements.Īnnual completion of (2) PA Department of Education Training Courses:Ģ. Leadership and supervisory skills necessary. Excellent interpersonal and organizational skills. Ability to communicate effectively with the media, parents, school administration and community is also required. Strong oral and written communication skills are required. Participation in soccer at the high school, collegiate or professional level(s) preferred. Sport First Aid and CPR Certification preferred. Coaching experience in organized community sports considered. Coaching experience in soccer at the middle school or junior high school level preferred. High School Diploma or Equivalent required. The person is directly responsible to the principals and works in cooperation with the faculty manager. Teaches sportsmanship and stresses responsibility to one's team and respect for others plans and schedules conditioning activities to develop sport fitness needed to achieve a degree of individual and team success. The coach assumes responsibility for teaching student-athletes the sport of soccer and utilizes demonstrations of skill development progression to teach fundamental skills and team strategy. Mow, edge, water, repair nets, and perform other maintenance items regarding the field and practice facilities.Supervises, coordinates and promotes all phases of the middle school interscholastic athletic soccer program.Schedule referees for all games and scrimmages.Develop the fall and spring schedule of games.Organize daily practice including on the field, weights, and conditioning.Follow student-athlete classroom status, assign and monitor study hall.Establish a budget breakdown and work within the guidelines set up by administration.Lead and guide student-athletes as they make the transition from high school to college.Recruit outstanding student-athletes who will be successful on the field as well as in the classroom.Organize and develop a team within the NJCAA Guidelines.Establish relationships in the community which will promote the soccer program and the College.Follow all NTCC, NJCAA, and Region 14 policies and procedures.Bachelor's degree required, with a minimum of five years' coaching experience.Experience in communicating with, working with, and understanding young people.Ability and determination to devote many hours each week to public relations, fund raising, recruiting, games, practice, field maintenance, and travel.In order to recruit properly, the number of hours necessary and the willingness to use personal vehicle must not be an issue. ![]() Many weeks will consist of an 80-hour work week which will be spent on games, practice, field maintenance, travel, and recruiting. The head coach must have thorough knowledge of the NJCAA rules and regulationsĪDDITIONAL INFORMATION: This position requires working most weekends during the spring and fall semesters. This person must have high regard for sportsmanship and academic achievement. POSITION CHARACTERISTICS: The Head Soccer Coach's position requires great leadership of a college athletic program. PURPOSE: The soccer coach is responsible for performing all duties regarding recruiting players, organizing, practicing, maintaining the playing field and practice facilities, scheduling, budgeting, developing student athletes, fundraising, and representing the college in the community as well as all other duties related to the men’s and soccer program and the student athletes who participate. ![]() ![]() ![]() What solution did you come up with? And finally, the result. Next, you’d describe the action you took. You’d start with the situation or challenge you were faced with, and the task you had to complete. This is a simple structure for giving the best answers possible to any behavioral question. And the method we recommend for answering any behavioral questions is the S.T.A.R. Therefore, if you can cite an example of a past mistake and what you’ve learned from it, recruiters will see you as a person who is capable of learning a lesson from a mistake. (Behavioral interview questions are questions that start with phrases like, “tell me about a time you…”) These interview questions operate on the premise that the best way to predict future behavior is to examine past behavior. Questions about past mistakes fall under the category of behavioral questions. So make sure you’re staying brief when you answer a question like, “tell me about a past mistake you made at work.” The Best Method for Answering Interview Questions About Mistakes ![]() Hiring managers want to hire people who can communicate and stay on track when describing a situation. If you still seem angry or resentful – or even worse – if you still seem like you’re blaming other people and not taking responsibility, you won’t get hired! And finally, as with all the common behavioral interview questions, they want to make sure you can tell a clear, concise story and describe a situation briefly but effectively. They’re also trying to make sure you have come to terms with the mistake and learned something from it. Instead, they’re trying to make sure you’re honest and upfront with them (very important in ANY interview question). Hiring managers aren’t trying to disqualify you when they ask interview questions about mistakes you made and failures you’ve been through. Why Am I Being Asked About Past Mistakes? And I’ll share 12 examples of mistakes made at work to help you brainstorm your own ideas/answers. “What’s the biggest mistake you’ve made?”Ĭoming up, I’ll show you how to give the best answer possible to interview questions about mistakes you’ve made… and how to paint your mistakes in a positive light.“Have you ever made a mistake? How did you handle it?”.“Tell me about a time you made a mistake at work?”.This is why they ask interview questions like: They want to see if you’re honest and upfront, and most importantly – they want to see if you learned from the experience. Employers love to ask interview questions about mistakes. ![]() ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() That is why for the past decade our investment in the coach-educators who comprise our assistant coaching staff in football has always placed us among the top-10 nationally and that will continue to be the case as we support Coach Freeman in his hiring of a staff that meets the exacting criteria he articulated for me when this hiring cycle began.įinally, given your strong interest in Notre Dame having the resources it needs to compete effectively with the most successful athletic programs in the country, I encourage you to become a member of Notre Dame’s Rockne Athletics Fund ( ) Through this giving society our fans, family, and alumni provide the resources that are critical to our ability to meet our commitment to provide our student-athletes with the best academic, athletic and student experience in college athletics. ![]() Our focus is not matching the expenditures made by our competitors it is making investments calculated to advance us toward our goals of 1) promoting the University of Notre Dame, 2) providing an unrivaled educational experience for our student-athletes, and 3) winning a national championship in football. In correcting the record in this instance, I also want to be clear that Notre Dame will never apologize for being a good steward of the resources provided to us by our fans and partners. To the extent the buyout was an “obstacle” in the case of one candidate, that was true of a brief period of time only because of conflicting information that had been provided to us regarding the amount and mechanics of the buyout. However, it was an obstacle we knew could be quickly resolved. As a policy matter, we do not discuss the details of personnel matters but given the extraordinary reaction by you and others in this instance I am comfortable sharing that while, prior to this week, our discussions with candidates never reached the point where we extended a formal offer, we communicated clearly in each and every instance that any offer we made would include our funding of their buyout with their current institution. During our discussion with a candidate for our offensive coordinator position a national reporter accurately noted that the candidate’s buyout in his current contract was an “obstacle.” Without seeking any clarification from us, some of the individuals who comment on Notre Dame Football concluded that this meant that Notre Dame was unwilling to pay the buyout. In this case, the passion is, however, misdirected because it springs from a fundamental misunderstanding. And your passion and that of our other fans is among Notre Dame’s most valuable resources. To paraphrase the character Terence Mann played by James Earl Jones in one of my favorite movies, “Field of Dreams,” we admire your passion … misdirected though it might be, it is still a passion. The second week of camp will go from July 19-24 and the final week of camp will be from July 26-31.Thank you for your email. Margaret's House, La Casa de Amistad, and Reins of Life to name a few. Volunteering will be done at 25 different community partner sites, which includes St. In total, 74 families from 23 states will participate in the three different week event. The camp has grown a lot over the past three years and this year organizers had to add a third week. They’ve done individual things but we’ve never done it as a family so we’re excited as a family," said Leslie Anand who is volunteering at the camp for the first time with her husband and children. ![]() The week is an opportunity for past and current students to volunteer with their family to help make the community a better place to live. “We’re trying to honor his memory to give back to the community the way that Father Ted did his whole life,” said Head Student Leader of Family Volunteer Camp Zack Imfeld. Father Hesburgh to me has always felt like the soul of the university,” said Molly Butler, Service Program Director of the Notre Dame Alumni Association. “Camp is all about embracing our neighbor. It is themed "Honoring Father Ted through participating: an event deeply rooted in his values", for Father Hesburgh who passed away earlier in the year. This year the camp theme is dedicated to a notable Notre Dame figure who left his mark on the university. The Notre Dame Alumni Association kicked off their second week of Family Volunteer Camp on Sunday. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Cause that makes it totally look like he was searching. So it's telling us, like the traveler told Koharu, that spring is when the ship will come and that is when the story will truly start.Īnd it does come but they go aboard a small ship first to get to the big one, while Kakeru has her wrapped in ivy and Akito is off doing who knows what while eating an apple. It's obviously the end of Winter, as everything is covered in snow, with bits of greenery trying to poke out. It starts off with Koharu being told about the ship called NORN, and that she must board it to pretty much be useful and not be alone anymore. And yes I will be comparing it to the game as that's what I knew first. Now as someone who is a fan of the game, I would not reccommend this anime. I am going to state right away that I have played the PS Vita Var Commons version of the visual novel, and have nearly 100% the whole game. I am excited to see what will happen next. Since it is only subbed, I was kind of planning on having it go on in the background as noise and paying half attention to it figuring it wasn't going to be interesting but it piqued my curiosity and I ended up paying attention it and enjoying it. The main focus right now appears to be the relationships between each of the twelve individuals on this "ship" thing that floats in the sky. I still don't entirely understand what is going on, but the characters are diverse and there is a bit of mystery behind each of them which is being discovered. First three episdoes are interesting though. I really hope this isn't a 12 episode anime though because it won't be able to develop and finish in just 12 episodes. I just sort of stumbled on to this anime with no real expectations and absolutely no clue what I watching (since neither this site nor the site I was watching it on gave an informitive summary.). A lot of animes this season seemed promising and most ended up disappointing. There were too many things crammed in and it didn't really make sense. ![]() It had an interesting start, but it did end up being a short anime and the story just didn't fit well. I hope you have a nice rest of your day, stranger!Īfter finishing it I decided, it's not good. I would, however, appreciate helpful feedback on how to make any future reviews better. Also, this is my first ever review, so don’t judge meee (at least, not too hard). Note: If you’re really craving pretty boys this season, I think Prince of Stride will turn out to be a better choice. Who knows, maybe it will shatter my now lower expectations by the end? We'll just have to see :) I just wish it was something I could be proud of loving, that's all. SUMMARY OF FIRST EPISODE IMPRESSIONS: Even though it might not sound like it, I really do enjoy reverse harems (even if they're haunted by the same recurring pattern), so I'll probably like Norn9. It’s a nice change from the school setting of other reverse harems. PRO: I really do love the art and character designs everything and everyone in the anime is beautiful so far, ESPECIALLY the protag! I just love her hair and eyes ^_^ I also like the garden-like spaceship setting. Not Aoba (DMMd) majestic, but majestic nonetheless. I also think that I'll like the blue-haired guy, even though we only got a short glimpse of him (I think his name is Akito?), because his hair is friggin' majestic. The characters we were introduced to seemed to be following the usual tropes (I could be wrong about this, but I'm 80% sure I'm right). The grumpy shut-in guy will probably end up being my favorite, as I couldn't really say he fit into a common trope. Why can’t a harem of guys be attracted to a girl’s outstanding bravery and/or intelligence or something? Is that too much to ask? Also, I just wanted to add that she is (to my annoyance) talented in her very own language of jumbled "shrieks" of wonder/surprise (I don't know what else to call the subtle noises she makes sometimes instead of talking).Ģ. Lord knows, not even One-Punch Man could punch the kawaii out of her I just wish she didn't have (what seems to be) a shriveled pinto bean for brain. ![]() She's already gotten into one dumb situation in this first episode, so she’ll likely stumble into many more, but she will never stop being kawaii as hell about it. The protag is obviously very naïve, just like almost any other reverse harem protag. FIRST EPISODE IMPRESSIONS. Well, I was initially pretty pumped for this, because I checked out some of the play-throughs of the PS Vita game a while back (and I liked what I saw), but that excitement settled down when I began to see the signs of the usual reverse harem that I can only call a "guilty pleasure".ġ. ![]() ![]() ![]() Note that a floppy drive and a non write protected blank diskette will be required to complete the BIOS updateįor questions about this issue or the BIOS updating process please contact the Toshiba InTouch® Center at 80.Įxport Control and EULA Use of any software made available for download from this system constitutes your acceptance of the Export Control Terms and the terms in the Dynabook end-user license agreement both of which you can view before downloading any such software.Execute the self extracting zip file that was received during the download and follow the documented instructions as they are displayed to the screen.Download the latest revision of BIOS listed on the Toshiba Service Web site for the Satellite 5005-S504.The BIOS version is listed under the "General" tab Cleon Skousen: Books Books Politics & Social Sciences Politics & Government Buy new: 13.99 List Price: 19.Double-click the Toshiba HW Setup icon. ![]() From the Windows desktop, click Start / Settings / Control Panel.To check the version of BIOS loaded on the Satellite 5005: The 5000 Year Leap A Miracle that Changed the World (book) The Making of America 40 off 17.97 29.95 The Making of America Behind the Bill of Rights: Timeless Principles that Make it Tick 41 off 14.99 24.99 Behind the Bill of Rights: Timeless Principles that Make it Tick Real George Washington Sale 19.99 24. The 5,000 Year Leap is an engaging, very readable 310 pages that details the foundational principles that, although less prevalent today, have been the key to the. This BIOS revision was implemented in mid November 2001 and is currently available on this Toshiba Web site. Cleon Skousen, argues that there was a model used by the founders that can be replicated and practiced to bring about world changing results. They built a new kind of commonwealth designed as a model for the whole human race. They wrote a new kind of Constitution which is now the oldest in existence. Update the system BIOS to version 1.30 or higher.īIOS revision V1.30 corrects this issue and eliminates the Restart from Stand By lockup. Download The Five Thousand Year Leap Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle The Founding Fathers of the United States of America created the first free people in modern times. Neither the normal Shutdown nor the boot/reboot functions are affected. This lockup only occurs when the system is restarted (resumed) out of Stand By mode. Resetting will initiate a hard system reboot. The blank screen will remain until the system is reset by pressing and holding the power button for a period of 10 seconds. When the system restarts it will show a blank screen. Specifically, when the system date is set to any date between January 1 and December 31 in any leap year, including the years 20, and the system is put into Stand By mode, a lockup will occur when the system is restarted. ![]() Satellite 5005-S504 computers with BIOS revision 1.20 or lower are subject to leap year related Restart from Stand By lockups. ![]() ![]() ![]() But will she find Mackenzie, and get closer to the mystery that’s taking them to Perseverance Mills?Ī murderous gang of convicts has captured Mackenzie. Facing the blizzards of Pleasant Valley, Astrid must bring all her skills as a doctor to bear on the survivors she encounters. Astrid Greenwood (player character) from near death. In the aftermath of events in Milton, an enigmatic stranger rescues Dr. A mysterious trapper may be the key to finding Astrid, but can he be trusted? Mackenzie’s search for Astrid takes him deeper into the savage Winter wilderness. Struggling to survive as he desperately searches for Astrid, Mackenzie comes across the small town of Milton, where he begins to understand the scope of this quiet apocalypse. Astrid Greenwood are separated after their plane crashes deep in the Northern Canadian wilderness in the aftermath of a mysterious flash of light in the sky. Episodes 1+2 were given a complete overhaul in December 2018, as part of the Redux Update: new mission structure, story beats, dialogue, animations etc.īush pilot Will Mackenzie (player character) and Dr. The episodic story-mode for The Long Dark, WINTERMUTE, includes four of the five episodes that form WINTERMUTE. There are no zombies - only you, the cold, and all the threats Mother Nature can muster. The Long Dark is a thoughtful, exploration-survival experience that challenges solo players to think for themselves as they explore an expansive frozen wilderness in the aftermath of a geomagnetic disaster. Welcome to THE LONG DARK, the innovative exploration-survival experience Wired magazine calls “the pinnacle of an entire genre”. You look at the meager supplies in your pack, and wish for the days before the power mysteriously went out. The wind rages outside the thin walls of your wooden cabin. virtual) required for installing this repackīright lights flare across the night sky. Language can be changed in game settings.HDD space after installation: up to 15.3 GB.After-install integrity check so you could make sure that everything installed properly.Installation takes 4-9 minutes (depending on your system and selected components).Significantly smaller archive size (compressed from cumulative 15.3 to 5~5.9 GB).Selective Download feature: you may skip downloading and installing of four bonus soundtracks and videos files in WEBM format (install them ONLY in case you’re missing in-game videos).100% Lossless & MD5 Perfect: all files are identical to originals after installation.Game version: v2.05 (106000) 4 Bonus OSTs are included as an optional download.Wintermute DLC and & Part One: Forsaken Airfield of Tales from The Far Territory Expansion Pass are included and activated.Based on Steam Build 10166010 release with Goldberg crack/emu applied over: 15.1 GB, thanks to CuttingBlade!. ![]() Filehoster: OneDrive (Uploaded by DyR0 t(-_-t), compatible with torrent mirrors)ĭiscussion and (possible) future updates on CS.RIN.RU thread Screenshots (Click to enlarge).Filehoster: MultiUpload (10+ hosters, interchangeable).Genres/Tags: Action, Open world, Survival, First-person, 3D ![]() ![]() The agnomen was a name that distinguished a person from others with the same name. A similar word meant “hairy” in Latin, an ironic choice for the balding dictator. ![]() Historians are uncertain what Caesar might have meant. The cognomen was the name within a branch of a family. In the Julian family, males would be Julius and females Julia. The nomen was the family name, equivalent to the surname in English speaking nations. The praenomen of Julius Caesar was Gaius. The praenomen was the personal name chosen by the father. Caesar was not the dictator’s family name.Įlite Romans of the late Republic had three or four names: a praenomen, nomen, cognomen and occasionally an agnomen. History remembers Julius Caesar, but it would be a mistake to look at that famous name as if it were that of a 21st century American. Ironically, Caesar fell to his death at the foot of a statue of Pompey, the general who Caesar defeated. On March 15, 44BCE, a mob of sixty senators stabbed the dictator to death in the Roman Forum. Many Senators became enraged because Caesar broke with Roman tradition and behaved as if he were a king. The Senate had appointed dictators in the past, but only in great emergencies and for a period of no more than six months.Ĭaesar ignored the Senate and ruled without their consent. A dictator is a ruler with complete control. In 44BCE, Caesar arranged to be named dictator for life. Caesar’s calendar is closely related to the calendar we use today. Caesar added a month to the calendar and named it July for himself. Caesar instituted the Julian calendar of 365¼ days. When Caesar came to power, the calendar was out of alignment with the seasons. While in power, Caesar settled 80,000 of his soldiers in colonies, built buildings and monuments throughout the city, and reformed the calendar. The Senate elected, then re-elected Caesar consul, breaking the Roman tradition that a consul serve only one year. Caesar spent a year with Cleopatra, and then returned to Rome as a conquering hero.Ĭaesar puts Cleopatra on the Throne of Egypt Caesar then met and fell in love with Cleopatra, the older sister of Ptolemy XIII. Hoping to gain favor with Rome, Ptolemy presented Caesar with Pompey’s decapitated head. When Caesar arrived in Egypt, he met Ptolemy XIII, the ten-year-old ruler of the ancient land. For the next several months, Caesar and his army pursued Pompey throughout the Mediterranean until Pompey led his army to Egypt. ![]() The remaining senators named Caesar dictator. Pompey announced that “Rome cannot be defended,” and retreated south with his army. Today when people say they are “crossing the Rubicon,” they refer to a very significant decision that cannot be undone.Īs Caesar’s army approached Rome, many frightened senators fled the city. ![]() Caesar knew that if he obeyed the Senate and disbanded his army, his career would be over but if he marched his troops across the river, the Senate would order Pompey and his army to retaliate. When Caesar reached the river, he knew he faced an important decision. Caesar’s orders clearly told him not to bring his troops across the Rubicon River. Caesar once again feared arrest, so he ignored the order and marched his army back to Rome. In 49BCE, the Senate ordered Caesar to disband his personal army and to return to Rome as a private citizen. For the next nine years, Caesar led his troops across western Europe, killing or enslaving millions and conquering lands that added to the Roman Republic. Upon taking office in Gaul, Caesar used his personal fortune to raise a private army. Gaul was a territory northwest of the Italian peninsula. Knowing the Senate would have him jailed as soon as he left the consulship, Caesar arranged to be appointed as governor of a Roman province in Gaul. Under Roman law, an official could not be arrested while he was in power. ![]() Neither Crassus nor Pompey were consuls, but the three generals were so popular with the Roman people that they were able to ignore the wishes of the Senate. A triumvirate is a partnership of three equal rulers. Historians often refer to this alliance as the First Triumvirate. The Senate tried to block Caesar’s decisions, so he formed a partnership with his former enemies, Crassus and Pompey. ![]() |
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